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Man's Role In Nature
On Tu B'Shvat we celebrate the earth's cyclical renewal. As a holiday of nature, it's a good time to contemplate our personal relationship to the environment. What does Judaism have to say about nature? Does Jewish tradition consider conservation a moral issue?

Man's Role in Nature
Let's look at humanity's very beginning, in the book of Genesis. As soon as Man is created, before anything else happened to him -
". . . God took man and put him into the garden to work it and guard it." Genesis 1:15

- The very first task God assigns to the newly-created human being is to care for his environment, implying the intimate connection between Man's existence and his relationship to Nature. His role is one of guardianship and care. This sets the tone for the Jewish view of a person's ecological responsibility.


Ecological Morality?
That's very nice, but it's too hard to recycle/smog-proof the car/pick up the garbage in my neighborhood.

Too bad. Jewish law says that even in a war, man is not free to do as he pleases with nature. In the last book of the Torah, when the Israelites are preparing to enter the Land of Israel, they are commanded not to destroy trees in the midst of war:

"When you besiege a city a long time while fighting to capture it, do not destroy its [fruit] trees, by taking an ax to them. You may eat of them, but you must not cut them down. For is the tree of the field a man that you should besiege him. . . ?" - Deuteronomy 20:19

Man's compassion is elicited by stressing the tree's vulnerability. A man can run away, or defend himself, while the tree is dependent upon Man's proper conduct for its safety. Even in an extreme and brutal situation such as war, people have to retain their sensitivity, to the point of considering the rights of trees.

Ba'al Tashchit - Don't Destroy!
This commandment concerning trees in wartime is the source for the law, "Ba'al Tashchit" - don't destroy. Examples in peacetime include:
"Not only cutting down fruit trees, but also breaking vessels, tearing clothing, destroying a building, stopping up a water source or wasting food intentionally. . . ." - Maimonides, Mishnah Torah

The rabbis explained that the law's perameters clearly show that any wanton destruction or waste is wrong. The message is clear: you have been given a world of plenty - take care of it properly.

Our Role
It's worthwhile to take some time to consider how each of us can improve the quality of our environment. Check out Community Projects you can start to fulfill our role as "workers and guardians" of the garden called Planet Earth.



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